(LEFT) "-You became a goose  -And you became an old monkey" (RIGHT) "The turnip the Prussians want to plant in Paris" -- both by Alberto Martini (1876-1954); La Danza Macabra Europea (The European Dance of Death), 1914-1915; Italy, Italian and French

(PRINCETON, NJ) -- Princeton University Library (PUL) opens a new exhibition in the Milberg Gallery at Firestone Library on September 12, 2024.  "Monsters & Machines: Caricature, Visual Satire, and the Twentieth-Century Bestiary" examines the global use of bestiary in visual satire during the period from the beginning of World War I through the end of the Cold War. The exhibition will be on view until December 8, 2024.

The exhibition is curated by a team of PUL librarians: Thomas Keenan, Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies Librarian; Lidia Santarelli, Librarian for History, New York University; Deborah Schlein, Near Eastern Studies Librarian; and Alain St. Pierre, Librarian for History, History of Science, and African Studies.

Bestiary is most often associated with the medieval period, when artists and authors commonly presented images of real and mythical animals as embodiments of moral nobility or degradation. This practice persisted in caricature art of the ensuing centuries and eventually found new life in 19th and 20th-century broadsides, posters, and illustrated periodicals.

Ramiz Gökçe (1900-1953); Amerikan Çikleti (American chewing gum), 25 Ocak/January 1945; Karikatür, vol. 19, year 10, no. 474; Türkiye, Turkish

"The period between World War I and the end of the Cold War was a time of ideologically-fueled hostilities of unprecedented scale and destructive consequence that eventually brought humanity to the brink of self-annihilation. This is the period historian Eric Hobsbawn called "the age of extremes," said Thomas Keenan.

The monsters and machines featured in the exhibition are graphic expressions of hostility and phobia towards great powers that were feared and loathed because of their perceived potential to pose danger, impose their will, and inflict harm. Drawing from PUL’s rich collections of 20th-century posters, illustrated periodicals, and ephemera from North America, Europe, Asia, Eurasia, and the Middle East, the exhibition looks at works of weaponized visual humor created by and aimed at exponents of different national cultures and ideologies. Despite their pointedly divisive agenda, the items on display will show what appears to be a shared impulse to dehumanize adversaries using images where hybrid human-animal or human-machine monstrosities depict satirical targets’ moral subhumanity.

Members of the public are welcome to visit the exhibition between 10:00 am and 6:00pm on weekdays, and from 11:00am to 6:00pm on Saturdays and Sundays.

For more information about the exhibition, public tours, and related programming, please click here.

Giulio Bertoletti (1919-1976); Pax Britannica, 1943; Italy, Latin